For the automotive industry, the use of special materials to build cars is nothing new. Manufacturers have long used carbon fiber, aluminum and magnesium and other materials to decorate avant-garde and stylish high-performance cars. But isn't ceramics used to make fine porcelain and sanitary products? As one of the well-known advanced ceramic manufacturers in China, Mingrui Ceramics will bring a brand new introduction to show you the applications of advanced ceramics in automobiles.
(1) Application of ceramics in automobile engines
The new ceramic is made by sintering inorganic non-metals such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride. It is more than three times the strength of alumina ceramics and can withstand high temperatures above 1000°C. To reduce the fuel consumption of diesel engines by more than 30%, new ceramics are indispensable. In the current gasoline engine, about 78% of the combustion energy is lost in heat energy and heat transfer. The thermal efficiency of the diesel engine is 33%, which is very superior compared to the gasoline engine, but more than 60% of the heat energy is still lost.
Therefore, in order to reduce this part of the loss, the combustion chamber is insulated with ceramic materials with good thermal insulation properties, and then exhaust gas turbochargers and power turbines are used to recover exhaust energy. Tests have shown that this can increase the thermal efficiency to 48%. At the same time, due to the use of new ceramics, it will become possible for the diesel engine to start quickly in an instant. The turbocharger using a new type of ceramic has superior heat resistance than today's superalloy, but its specific gravity is only about one third of that of a metal turbine. Therefore, the new ceramic turbine can compensate for the low dynamic response of the metal turbine.
(2) Application of special sensitive ceramics in automotive sensors
The requirement for automotive sensors is that they can be used in the harsh environment (high temperature, low temperature, vibration, acceleration, humidity, noise, exhaust gas) unique to the car for a long time, and should be small and lightweight, reusable, and have a wide output range. Ceramic heat resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and its potential excellent electromagnetic and optical functions have been fully utilized in recent years with the advancement of manufacturing technology. Sensors made of sensitive ceramic materials can fully meet the above requirements.
(3) Application of ceramics in automobile brakes
Ceramic brakes are manufactured on the basis of carbon fiber brakes. A carbon fiber brake disc is initially composed of carbon fiber and resin. It is pressed into shape by a machine, and then it is heated, carbonized, heated, and cooled to make a ceramic brake. The hardness of the carbon silicon compound surface of the ceramic brake is close to diamond. The inner carbon fiber structure makes it strong, impact-resistant and corrosion-resistant, making the disc extremely wear-resistant. At present, this kind of technology is not only used in F1 racing cars, but also involved in super civilian sports cars.
(4) Application of ceramics in automobile shock absorbers
The damping device of a luxury car is an intelligent shock absorber that is successfully developed by comprehensively using the positive piezoelectric effect, inverse piezoelectric effect and electrostrictive effect of sensitive ceramics. Due to the use of high-sensitivity ceramic components, this shock absorber has the function of identifying the road surface and can do self-adjustment, which can minimize the vibration of the car due to the rough road surface.
(5) Application of ceramic materials in automobile spraying technology
In recent years, ceramic film spraying technology, which is widely used in aerospace technology, has begun to be applied to automobiles. The advantages of this technology are good heat insulation effect, ability to withstand high temperature and high pressure, mature technology and stable quality. In order to achieve the goal of low heat dissipation, ceramic spraying can be applied to the engine combustion chamber components, such as zirconia sprayed on the top of the piston and zirconia sprayed on the cylinder liner. The engine after this treatment can reduce the heat loss, reduce the quality of the engine itself, reduce the size of the engine, and reduce the fuel consumption.
In a word, special ceramics is a kind of ceramic material products that are under continuous development, but there are still problems to be solved in many aspects such as raw material preparation, material evaluation and utilization technology. At present, special ceramics are not widely used in automobiles. The main reasons are: complex manufacturing processes and high requirements; because special ceramics have strict requirements on raw materials and difficult processes, it is difficult to maintain uniform performance of various batches of products; cost Higher, poor processability, high brittleness, and poor reliability in use. However, people have every reason to believe that with the rapid development of science and technology, more special ceramics and smart ceramic products will be introduced and used in automobiles in the future automobile manufacturing industry, and they will definitely be used in automobile production. It is widely used.
Mingrui Ceramics will also continue to develop new production technologies, continuously improve and upgrade the quality of production processes, and provide more professional and better advanced ceramic solutions.
Moble: +86 18122974730
Phone: +86 0769-85090316-8038
Email: admin@cerampart.com
Mobile version